ITIL®4 Key Concepts you Should Know

Organisations today must keep up with the latest digital innovations to maintain a competitive edge over counterparts. One of the frameworks that facilitates technological innovation in an IT organisation is the Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL). However, the ITIL has gone through multiple evolutions over time, giving rise to the latest edition called the ITIL®4. Hence, in this blog, we will go through a few ITIL®4 Key Concepts. 

Moreover, a 2020 ITSM tools survey revealed that 20% organisations were using ITIL4, while 32.5% were planning for the same. ITIL4 primarily expands the previous version of ITILV3, providing a flexible framework to help organisations for a digital transformation. Delve into  ITIL®4 Key Concepts and practices to advance your understanding and implementation in digital transformation.

Table of Contents 

1) An introduction to ITIL®4 

2) ITIL Key Concepts

   a) Creating value through services 

   b) The ITIL®4 Service Value System (SVS) 

   c) The four Dimensions Model of Service Management 

   d) The ITIL®4 guiding principles

3) What are the ITIL®4 Management practices? 

4) Conclusion 

An introduction to ITIL®4 

The Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) was introduced by the UK Government in 1980s. This specifically ensures that IT expenditures are allocated for necessary items and budgets are spent usefully.

The ITIL Framework is universally recognised as a vital tool for provision of IT services and the overall IT industry. Additionally, the Version ITIL4 is a lot more sophisticated compared to the earlier versions. With the passage of time, Lean, Agile, and DevOps have successfully implicated various IT and business organisations.

The two most apparent changes that manifested with ITIL 4 are the Service Value System and Service Value Chain. These approaches play a crucial role in construing the value of many factors and procedures of value creation.

Moreover, in ITIL 4, one must understand the whole business process. That process includes starting from spotting the value proposition to the elimination of non-value-adding activities. Thisversion of ITIL  is precious because it helps an organisation to understand the specifics of their surroundings. Furthermore, it allows team members to make quality choices in support of their organisation under any given circumstance.
 

ITIL®4 Key Concepts

Let’s delve deeper into some ITIL 4 Key Concepts that have been implemented in the latest edition of ITIL:

Creating value through service 

IT is at the heart of every organisation today. It connects an organisation with its employees and clients, facilitates operations and improves efficiency. On one hand, this evolving nature allows an organisation gain access to changing features and facilitate continual improvement in its services. On the other hand, it means that IT organisations can be left behind in the race if they do not continuously adapt to the new standards. 

ITIL has developed into the most widely used and accepted framework for Information Technology Service Management (ITSM) in the USA. The framework is a structured approach to ITSM that eases Risk Management for government organisations and businesses. ITIL also improves customer relationships, defines cost-effective operations, and stabilises the IT environment. The popularity of ITIL is because it allows for growth, scale, and change – three integral elements for any organisation in any industry. 

The framework has been tried, tested, and implemented over the past two decades in the USA, and most government organisations currently use some form of ITIL-based Service Management.

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The ITIL®4 Service Value System (SVS)

The ITIL 4 Service Value System (SVS) is a key component of the latest ITIL edition, defining how components and activities combine to co-create value. It is an ecosystem that creates value for organisations, their customers, and stakeholders.

The SVS converts customer demand into value through a chain of activities, and its goal is to ensure continuous co-creation of value with all stakeholders. Failure to observe key elements of the system can lead to a risk of not delivering intended value. The SVS consists of five elements and is tasked with facilitating the transition from potential to final value creation through an interdependent cycle of activities. Here's how ITIL 4 SVS works:

a) Guiding principles 

The ITIL 4 Guiding Principles are recommendations that facilitate flexible work for employees in the organisation, regardless of circumstances. They guide decisions and actions so that the organisation can generate the highest amount of value with effectiveness and efficiency. 

b) Governance 

Governance in the SVS directs and manages an organisation, aligning activities with objectives. The approach to governance varies depending on the organisation's culture and goals. Governance should be adaptable and continuously evaluate its strategy to meet changing business circumstances. Continual improvement applies to service management at all levels, including governance. 

c) The Service Value Chain (SVC) 

The Service Value Chain (SVC) is a flexible model at the heart of the Service Value System, that describe six key activities to create and manage products and services. The SVC offers flexibility for organisations to react to evolving stakeholder demands and complement their service management strategy.

a) It also encourages co-creation of value through the creation and ITIL change management of products and services. The ITIL Change Management aspect within the Service Value Chain (SVC) plays a pivotal role in fostering adaptability for organisations. The following are some key elements included within SVC:

a) Practices: Practices are a set of organisational resources, including existing processes, designed to achieve organisational goals or objectives. This element of the Service Value System is one of the Key Concept in ITIL®4, representing an evolution from the processes in the previous edition. ITIL has transitioned from a limiting process-based perspective to a more holistic practice-based approach.  ITIL®4 presents 34 of these practices as an upgrade from the 26 processes included in ITIL®V3. Adopting a holistic approach is required for implementing all these practices. 

b) Continual improvement: Continual improvement refers to a repetitive organisational activity that is performed at all levels to facilitate continuous improvement. This repetitive process helps an organisation cater to customer demands as well as stakeholder expectations. To optimise the Service Management process of an organisation, continual improvement should be applied across all levels of service management - from governance and strategy to operations. This element of the SVS encourages collaboration, transparency and an active approach to do things better.

The four Dimensions Model of Service Management

Another important element of the latest edition of ITIL®4 is its implementation of a holistic approach. ITIL®4 incorporates four dimensions that are essential to the successful generation of value for customers and stakeholders, providing a structure for efficient ITSM capabilities. 

These four dimensions are relevant to the SVS and establish key areas that need to be emphasised to ensure high-quality product delivery according to required standards and intended value. Each dimension requires sufficient focus to facilitate effective value of the product or delivery.

By implementing these dimensions, a holistic approach to service management can be achieved, as they are applicable to the service value system in general and specific services. The four dimensions are as follows:

a) Organisations and people: An objective-oriented work culture with the appropriate quotient of competency amongst its ranks. 

b) Information and technology: The resources required for efficient management of services, namely – information, knowledge and technologies. 

c) Partners and suppliers: This element refers to the relationships with other organisations/businesses concerning design, delivery, deployment and continual improvement of services. 

d) Value streams and processes: This element refers to how various departments in an organisation working in a coordinated manner are integral in facilitating value creation through services.  

The ITIL 4 guiding principles

ITIL 4 guiding principles draw inspiration from modern IT service technologies such as Lean, Agile, and DevOps. They enable efficient integration of different practices into an overall service management approach.

a) The principles support IT professionals at every stage of the service delivery process and promote continual improvement at all levels. They are universal and can be used by anyone aiming to deliver value in the form of services. Those guiding principles are discussed in the following points:

a) Start where you are: Assess the current situation before making changes to avoid losing progress.

b) Focus on value: Deliver value to stakeholders by understanding their needs and experiences. 

c) Progress iteratively with framework: Continuously improve by breaking down work into smaller iterations as well as re-evaluating and revising them. 

d) Collaborate and promote visibility: Encourage transparency, collaboration, and defined responsibilities for high-quality output. 

e) Think and work holistically: Connect all departments and practices to align with organisational objectives and create high-quality service. 

f) Keep it simple and practical: Promote simplicity by clearly defining exceptions and asking if processes/practices contribute to value creation. 

g) Optimise and automate: Maximise value by automating frequent tasks to ease workload, freeing human resources for complex tasks that create value. 

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What are the ITIL 4 Management practices?

The ITIL 4 comprises 34 management practices that work in the current business scenario. It considers the integrated facets of an organisation such as invention, and the promptness in advertising products.

Moreover, the IT Service Management in ITIL 4 deals with handling IT service through techniques like DevOps, Agile, Lean, and several others. The management practices denote administrative working and create a solid base for the implementation of organisational goals. The ITIL4 practices deal with performing work or accomplishing an objective and can be divided into three parts. Now, let’s take a look at those three sections:

General management practices 

General management practices refer to the 14 practices that support system or an entire organisation. This is because, such practices allegedly underlie the supply of all goods and services. Some of those practices are listed below:

1) Strategy management 

2) Portfolio management 

3) Architecture management 

4) Service financial management 

5) Workforce and talent management 

6) Continual improvement 

7) Measurement and reporting 

8) Risk management 

9) Information security management 

10) Knowledge management

11) Organisational change management 

12) Project management

13) Relationship management 

14) Supplier management 

Service Management practices 

Service Management practices, as the name suggests comprises 17 attributes of guaranteeing service quality for all the sectors. Those practices are newsworthy and can assist in finding answers to casual questions such as marketing, services, or products. Below are listed some of those practices:

1) Business analysis 

2) Service catalogue management 

3) Service design 

4) Service level management 

5) Availability management 

6) Capacity and performance managaement

7) Service continuity management 

8) Monitoring and event management 

9) Service desk 

10) Incident management

11) Service request management 

12) Problem management

13) Release management

14) Change enablement 

15) Service validation and testing 

16) Service configuration management 

17) IT asset management

Technical Management practices 

The Technical Management practices have two-folded functions in common: for both manufacturing and services. The three technical management practices derived from the domain of technology management include the following:

1) Deployment management 

2) Infrastructure and platform management 

3) Software development and management

Conclusion

ITIL 4 redefines IT Service Management practices and introduces new concepts such as SVS and the four Dimensions Model. These ITIL 4 Key Concepts help organisations gain a better understanding of how to achieve their service management objectives, while providing governance, stability, and clarity about their customers, products, and services.

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